Vim li cas cov hlau nplaum muaj qhov sib nqus?

Ua ntej tshaj plaws, ua ntej nkag siab cov hlau nplaum, koj yuav tsum nkag siab txog cov qauv atomic. Txhua qhov teeb meem yog tsim los ntawm cov atoms, thiab txhua lub atom yog tsim los ntawm cov txiaj ntsig zoo protons thiab cov hluav taws xob tsis zoo. Feem ntau, cov hluav taws xob no tau teeb tsa symmetrically, yog li lawv tsis sib nqus. Tab sis yog tias kev sib raug zoo ntawm cov hluav taws xob no cuam tshuam los yog cuam tshuam los ntawm lub ntiaj teb sab nraud, cov hlau nplaum tuaj yeem txhim kho.
Cov qauv microscopic hauv ib lub hlau nplaum yog tsim los ntawm ntau qhov sib nqus me me. Txhua lub npe sib nqus muaj ntau lub atoms uas nws cov electrons tau ua raws tib txoj kev, tsim ib qho me me magnetic teb. Thaum cov hlau nplaum me me sib cuam tshuam, cov hlau nplaum loj tsim. Cov hlau nplaum loj no xav tias tib yam kev taw qhia thoob plaws hauv cov hlau nplaum, ua rau muaj qhov sib nqus. Nrog rau kev nce qib ntawm kev tshawb fawb thiab thev naus laus zis, tib neeg muaj kev nkag siab tob txog cov hlau nplaum ntawm cov hlau nplaum, thiab tib lub sijhawm, ntau txoj hauv kev npaj thiab siv cov hlau nplaum tau tsim.
Neodymium hlau nplaum tam sim no yog ib qho ntawm cov khoom siv hlau nplaum uas siv tau zoo tshaj plaws, nrog cov khoom siv hluav taws xob sib nqus thiab ruaj khov. Neodymium hlau nplaum yog tsim los ntawm neodymium, hlau, boron thiab lwm yam, ntawm cov neodymium yog lub ntsiab sib nqus. Neodymium hlau nplaum yog siv dav hauv kev lag luam, hluav taws xob, kev kho mob thiab lwm yam kev lag luam, xws li motors, exciters, sensors, hlau nplaum, suab thiab lwm yam khoom siv tau siv cov hlau nplaum neodymium ua cov ntaub ntawv tseem ceeb.
Ntxiv rau cov hlau nplaum neodymium, sib txuas NdFeB hlau nplaum kuj tau siv dav hauv ntau qhov chaw. Bonded NdFeB hlau nplaum yog tsim los ntawm kev sib xyaw NdFeB hmoov nrog cov ntaub ntawv polymer, ua raws li cov txheej txheem xws li pwm molding, kub-kub sintering thiab kho nto. Piv nrog rau lwm hom hlau nplaum, bonded NdFeB hlau nplaum muaj cov khoom sib nqus ntau dua thiab lub zog txhua yam. Tsis tas li ntawd, sib txuas NdFeB hlau nplaum kuj tuaj yeem ua rau cov khoom sib txawv thiab qhov ntau thiab tsawg, xws li cylindrical, thaiv, nplhaib, thiab lwm yam, kom ua tau raws li cov ntawv thov sib txawv.
Yog li vim li cas neodymium hlau nplaum thiab sib txuas NdFeB hlau nplaum muaj cov khoom sib nqus zoo li no? Qhov no yog txiav txim los ntawm lawv cov microstructure. Nyob rau hauv neodymium hlau nplaum thiab bonded NdFeB hlau nplaum, lub kiv thiab orbital motion ntawm neodymium ntsiab ua rau cov loj atomic magnetic moments, thiab cov kev npaj ntawm cov atoms yog optimized kom lub sij hawm sib nqus ntawm tag nrho cov khoom sib cuam tshuam, yog li tsim muaj zog magnetic teb. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov hlau nplaum neodymium thiab sib txuas NdFeB hlau nplaum kuj muaj qhov kub siab Curie, uas yog, lawv tseem tuaj yeem tswj cov khoom sib nqus ruaj khov nyob rau hauv ib qho kev kub ntxhov. Qhov no tso cai rau cov hlau nplaum neodymium thiab sib txuas NdFeB hlau nplaum los tswj lawv cov khoom sib nqus ntawm ntau qhov kev ua haujlwm kub.
Ntxiv nrog rau cov hlau nplaum neodymium thiab sib txuas NdFeB hlau nplaum, lwm hom hlau nplaum kuj muaj lawv tus kheej cov yam ntxwv thiab daim ntawv thov scenarios. Piv txwv li, lub cev muaj zog hlau nplaum feem ntau yog siv rau hauv lub tsheb motors, cua turbines thiab lwm yam kev lag luam, thiab yuav tsum muaj cov khoom siv hluav taws xob zoo sib nqus, qhov kub thiab txias tsis kam, thiab corrosion kuj. Ferrite hlau nplaum feem ntau yog siv rau hauv daim ntawv thov ntawm qhov kub thiab txias, xws li random access nco, hais lus thiab lwm yam teb.
Hauv cov ntsiab lus, cov hlau nplaum ntawm cov hlau nplaum yog vim muaj kev cuam tshuam ntawm electron spin thiab orbital motion nyob rau hauv nws sab hauv microstructure. Neodymium hlau nplaum thiab sib txuas NdFeB hlau nplaum yog siv dav hauv ntau qhov chaw vim lawv cov khoom sib nqus siab thiab lub zog txhua yam vim lawv cov microstructure optimization thiab kev npaj cov txheej txheem txhim kho. Nrog rau kev txhim kho txuas ntxiv ntawm kev tshawb fawb thiab thev naus laus zis, tib neeg txoj kev nkag siab thiab kev siv cov hlau nplaum yuav txuas ntxiv mus ntxiv. Nws ntseeg tau tias ntau cov hlau nplaum ua haujlwm siab tshiab yuav tshwm sim yav tom ntej.