Phoenix Science thiab Technology Xov Xwm Beijing lub sijhawm thaum Lub Yim Hli 1st, Science Daily tau tshaj tawm tias raws li txoj kev xav tshiab uas tau hais los ntawm cov kws tshawb fawb ntawm Massachusetts Institute of Technology hauv Tebchaws Meskas, cov nplaum nplaum nplaum nplaum nplaum sib sau ua ke ntawm lub tub yees tuaj yeem siv ib hnub. raws li ib tug coolant. Qhov kev xav no piav qhia txog kev txav ntawm cov hlau nplaum, uas yog quasiparticles ntawm cov hlau nplaum thiab kev sib hloov ntawm lub sijhawm sib nqus, lossis "spins." Ntxiv nrog rau lub sijhawm sib nqus, magnons kuj ua kom sov. Siv lawv txoj kev sib npaug, MIT cov kws tshawb fawb pom tias thaum raug cov hlau nplaum sib nqus, cov hlau nplaum yuav hloov ntawm ib kawg ntawm cov hlau nplaum mus rau lwm qhov, nqa cov cua sov thiab tsim kom muaj cua txias. .
Txoj kev xav tshiab kwv yees cov hlau nplaum tuaj yeem ua raws li cov khoom siv wireless
Bolin Liao, tus tub ntxhais kawm tiav hauv MIT's School of Mechanical Engineering hais tias "Koj tuaj yeem tso cua sov ntawm ib kawg mus rau lwm qhov, yog li qhov tseem ceeb koj tuaj yeem siv cov hlau nplaum ua lub tub yees." "Koj tuaj yeem xav txog daim ntawv thov scenario ntawm wireless cooling, xws li ntxiv cov hlau nplaum rau ib lossis ob meters deb ntawm lub computer kom txias lub computer."
Hauv txoj kev xav, lub tub yees siv hluav taws xob sib nqus yuav tsum tsis muaj qhov txav mus los, tsis zoo li cov tub yees li qub, uas xav tau cov kua dej los ntawm cov raj xa dej kom txias. Liao thiab lwm tus tub ntxhais kawm tiav, Jiawei Zhou, thiab Gang Chen, tus thawj coj ntawm MIT Lub Tsev Kawm Ntawv ntawm Mechanical Engineering, tau luam tawm cov ntawv ntawm kev xav ntawm magneton txias hauv phau ntawv Journal Physical Review Letters.
Liao tau hais tias "Tam sim no tib neeg muaj txoj kev xav tshiab los kawm seb magnons txav mus rau hauv thaj chaw uas muaj nyob thiab qhov kub thiab txias li cas," Liao tau hais. "Cov kev sib npaug no yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev thauj mus los ntawm magnon."
txias nyhuv
Nyob rau hauv ib qho khoom ferromagnetic, lub sijhawm sib nqus hauv zos tuaj yeem tig thiab ua kom sib txawv. Ntawm qhov xoom xoom, lub sijhawm sib nqus hauv zos sib dhos kom tsim tau lub zog sib nqus zoo tshaj plaws hauv cov hlau nplaum. Raws li qhov kub thiab txias maj mam nce, cov hlau nplaum yuav tsis muaj zog thiab tsis muaj zog, vim tias ntau thiab ntau lub sijhawm sib nqus hauv zos tig tawm ntawm txoj kab sib dhos, thiab qhov kub nce ntxiv tsim cov hlau nplaum sib nqus.
Magnons zoo ib yam li ntau txoj hauv kev rau electrons uas lawv ob leeg nqa hluav taws xob thiab ua cua sov. Electrons teb rau hluav taws xob teb los yog kub gradients - ib qho tshwm sim hu ua cov nyhuv thermoelectric. Nyob rau hauv xyoo tas los no cov kws tshawb fawb tau tshawb xyuas ntau yam kev siv ntawm cov txiaj ntsig no, xws li cov tshuab hluav taws xob thermoelectric, uas tuaj yeem hloov hluav taws xob ncaj qha mus rau hluav taws xob, lossis ua tiav cov nyhuv txias yam tsis muaj qhov txav mus los.
Liao thiab nws cov npoj yaig tau txheeb xyuas qhov "coupling" zoo sib xws hauv cov magnons uas teb rau ob lub zog: kub gradients lossis magnetic teb. Txij li thaum magnons thiab electrons coj zoo sib xws hauv qhov no, cov kws tshawb fawb tau tawm tswv yim txog kev thauj mus los ntawm magnon raws li Boltzmann thauj kab zauv, ib qho kev lees paub dav siv hluav taws xob thauj khoom hauv thermoelectrics.
Raws li qhov sib npaug ntawm qhov sib npaug no, Liao, Zhou thiab Chen tau npaj ob qhov kev sib npaug tshiab los piav txog kev thauj mus los ntawm magnon. Siv cov kev sib npaug tshiab no, lawv tau kwv yees cov txiaj ntsig tshiab magnon txias, zoo ib yam li cov nyhuv thermoelectric txias, uas cov magnons nqa cua sov los ntawm ib kawg ntawm cov hlau nplaum mus rau lwm qhov nyob rau hauv magnetic teb gradients.
txhawb kev sim tshiab
Liao siv cov khoom ntawm cov hlau nplaum sib nqus sib nqus los ua qauv li cas cov nyhuv txias ntawm magnons ua haujlwm hauv cov khoom siv hlau nplaum uas twb muaj lawm. Nws sau cov ntaub ntawv ntawm cov ntaub ntawv no los ntawm cov ntaub ntawv yav dhau los, thiab tom qab ntawd muab cov ntaub ntawv no rau hauv tus qauv tshiab. Lawv pom tias cov khoom siv tiag tiag muaj qhov ua kom txias rau me ntsis sib nqus teb gradients, uas yog me me tab sis tseem ceeb ntawm qhov kub thiab txias.
Cov txiaj ntsig theoretical qhia tau hais tias thawj daim ntawv thov ntawm magnon cooling teebmeem tuaj yeem pab cov kws tshawb fawb ntawm cov haujlwm uas xav tau wireless txias ntawm qhov kub thiab txias. "Lub sijhawm no, cov ntawv thov muaj peev xwm yog cryogenics -- piv txwv li, cua txias infrared detectors," Chen hais. "Txawm li cas los xij, peb tseem yuav tsum tau sim ua kom pom cov txiaj ntsig no thiab nrhiav cov ntaub ntawv zoo dua. Peb vam tias qhov no yuav txhawb kev sim tshiab."
Cov txiaj ntsig sib nqus cua txias tau txheeb xyuas los ntawm pab pawg yog "ib qho tseem ceeb theoretical moj khaum rau kev kawm txog kev sib txuas ntawm kev sib hloov thiab cua sov, uas tuaj yeem ua rau lub tswv yim ntawm kev siv sub-siv raws li kev ua haujlwm 'kua dej' hauv cov khoom siv tub yees. Shi tsis koom nrog kev kawm.
Liao taw qhia tias magnons kuj tseem tuaj yeem yog lub cuab yeej tshiab rau kev txhim kho cov tshuab hluav taws xob uas twb muaj lawm, uas, thaum lub tswv yim tshiab, tseem tsis muaj txiaj ntsig. Liao tau hais tias "Tseem muaj txoj hauv kev ntev mus rau thermoelectrics los sib tw nrog cov thev naus laus zis," Liao tau hais. "Kev tshawb xyuas cov qib magnetic teb ntawm kev ywj pheej tuaj yeem txhim kho cov tshuab uas twb muaj lawm thiab txhim kho thermoelectric efficiency."
